Question

During natural selection, organisms with harmful traits are less likely to successfully reproduce than organisms with beneficial traits. Neutral traits don’t improve or hurt an organism’s chances for survival. So, they tend to persist in populations when environmental conditions are stable. If the environment changes, neutral traits could become harmful or beneficial depending on the situation. In year 1, a population of rain forest plants has the following distribution: 50% have medium-tip leaves, 25% have wide-tip leaves, and 25% have drip-tip leaves. You will simulate three years of this population: year 1, year 5, and year 10. How will the trait distribution most likely change over this time?.

Answer 1

Natural selection can cause microevolution (change in allele frequencies), with fitness-increasing alleles becoming more common in the population.

Fitness is a measure of reproductive success (how many offspring an organism leaves in the next generation, relative to others in the group).

Natural selection can act on traits determined by alternative alleles of a single gene, or on polygenic traits (traits determined by many genes).

Natural selection

Natural selection on traits determined by multiple genes may take the form of stabilizing selection, directional selection, or disruptive selection.

All of these mechanisms can make a population evolve, or change its genetic makeup over generations.

But there's one mechanism of evolution that's a bit more famous than the others, and that's natural selection. What makes natural selection so special? Out of all the mechanisms of evolution, it's the only one that can consistently make populations adapted, or better-suited for their environment, over time.

You may have already seen natural selection as part of Darwin’s theory of evolution. In this article, we will dive deeper – in fact, deeper than Darwin himself could go. We will examine natural selection at the level of population genetics, in terms of allele, genotype, and phenotype frequencies.

To know more about natural selection click the link given below.

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