<span>Based on the global stratification model, nations of the former soviet union and its former satellites in eastern Europe are classified as the Industrializing nations.
They are definitely not Third World countries - those are the poorest nations in the world, most of which are found in Africa. They are also not the least industrializing nations, because they are quite industrialized, but not as much as the most industrializing nations either.
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In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause
of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution to create the Second Bank
of the United States and that the state of Maryland lacked the power to
tax the Bank. Arguably Chief Justice John Marshall's
finest opinion, McCulloch not only gave Congress broad discretionary
power to implement the enumerated powers, but also repudiated, in
ringing language, the radical states' rights arguments presented by
counsel for Maryland.
At issue in the case was the constitutionality of the act of Congress
chartering the Second Bank of the United States (BUS) in 1816. Although
the Bank was controlled by private stockholders, it was the depository
of federal funds. In addition, it had the authority to issue notes
that, along with the notes of states' banks, circulated as legal tender.
In return for its privileged position, the Bank agreed to loan the
federal government money in lieu of taxes. State banks looked on the
BUS as a competitor and resented its privileged position. When state
banks began to fail in the depression of 1818, they blamed their
troubles on the Bank. One such state was Maryland, which imposed a
hefty tax on "any bank not chartered within the state." The Bank of the
United States was the only bank not chartered within the state. When
the Bank's Baltimore branch refused to pay the tax, Maryland sued James
McCulloch, cashier of the branch, for collection of the debt. McCulloch
responded that the tax was unconstitutional. A state court ruled for
Maryland, and the court of appeals affirmed. McCulloch appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which reviewed the case in 1819.
They built the first city in the world
They enacted the earliest known comprehensive legal code. ...
They developed the first ever positional number system. ...
They could perform advanced arithmetic calculations.
MESOPOTAMIA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MANY “FIRSTS” IN HUMAN HISTORY
November 11, 1918. World War I Ends. ...
January 30, 1933. Hitler Appointed German Leader. ...
September 1, 1939. World War II Begins. ...
September 17, 1939. Soviet Union Invades Poland. ...
September 27, 1939. Warsaw Captured. ...
December 13, 1939. UK Wins War's First Sea Battle. ...
April 8, 1940. ...
May 10, 1940.
Federal court has more power or trumps the state courts.<span />
