Art of Mesopotamia has survived in the archaeological record from early hunter-gatherer societies (10th millennium BC) on to the Bronze Age cultures of the Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires. These empires were later replaced in the Iron Age by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian empires. Widely considered to be the cradle of civilization, Mesopotamia brought significant cultural developments, including the oldest examples of writing. The art of Mesopotamia rivalled that of Ancient Egypt as the most grand, sophisticated and elaborate in western Eurasia from the 4th millennium BC until the Persian Achaemenid Empire conquered the region in the 6th century BC. The main emphasis was on various, very durable, forms of sculpture in stone and clay; little painting has survived, but what has suggests that, with some exceptions,[1] painting was mainly used for geometrical and plant-based decorative schemes, though most sculptures were also painted. Cylinder seals have survived in large numbers, many including complex and detailed scenes despite their small size.
Mesopotamian art survives in a number of forms: cylinder seals, relatively small figures in the round, and reliefs of various sizes, including cheap plaques of moulded pottery for the home, some religious and some apparently not.[2] Favourite subjects include deities, alone or with worshippers, and animals in several types of scenes: repeated in rows, single, fighting each other or a human, confronted animals by themselves or flanking a human or god in the Master of Animals motif, or a Tree of Life.[3]
Stone stelae, votive offerings, or ones probably commemorating victories and
sculptureearly signs of urban life in Mesopotamia are associated with an art form named after the Sumerian city of Uruk
In Mesopotamia the main element used to protray life and to create things was clay, it was used in pottery and historians have been able to get to know about the social and cultural arrangements in mesopotamic era thanks to the pottery that they have found in the territory that was occupied by the mesopotamic people.
The Second Great Awakening attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations thus led to a period of antebellum social reforms and emphasis on salvation by institutions. The awakening enrolled millions of new members leading to the formation of new denominations. The awakening was a reaction against deism, skepticism, and rational Christianity through evangelism.
