Answer:
Element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Atoms are the smallest particle of an element. An element has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of atom.
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If p = frequency of A and q = frequency of a, then assuming H-W equilibrium we have
p + q = 1 ⇒ q = 1 - p = 1 - 0.55 = 0.45
Then the expected frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa is 2pq = 2 • 0.55 • 0.45 = 0.495.
Dehydration is the loss of too much water in our body It can be categorized into three types: isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic. Isotonic dehydration is the most common, which pertains to equal concentrations of the extracellular and intracellular fluids. In this type of dehydration, about same amount of electrolytes and water are ;pst from the body. Hypertonic dehydration is more serious and a very risky IV fluid to administer. This type of dehydration occurs when more electrolytes are lost than water from the body. So, there must be an intake of a fluid more concentrated in electrolytes so that it will cause the water from inside the cells to be attracted to the extracellular fluid. The last type of dehydration, hypotonic dehydration, is the opposite of hypertonic. This is when more of water is lost than electrolytes. So, the fluid to be administered is less concentrated relative to the fluid inside the cells.
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each minute is called cardiac output.
<span>Cardiac output can be defined as the product of the heart rate or the number of heartbeats per minute (bpm), and the stroke volume which is the volume of blood pumped from the ventricle per beat.</span>
