The asthenosphere is just below the lithosphere
I hope this helps:)
It gets polluted from fertilizers or any spilled chemicals. And those chemicals get obsorbed into the ground. And the gravity pushes them deeper in the soil, till it reaches the underground water (or aquifer)
No, because a single observation on one planet is not sufficient to discredit a theory.
There are too much variables that would cause that data, and just observing one planet is the same as ignoring all the potential variables.