It is a true fact that Caliphs recruited Persians and Turks as government officials. The correct answer among the two options that are given in the question is the first option or option "a". Caliphs were the most powerful people of that time. I hope the answer comes to your help.
Your question isn't that clear, but he landed in the Caribbean. I hope that answers your question.
Because of the railroad, the state population grew from 172,000 to 780,000 in twenty years
Answer: I'm pretty sure its immigration.
