When cloning by restriction digest and ligation, you use restriction enzymes to cut open a plasmid (backbone) and insert a linear fragment of DNA (insert) that has been cut by compatible restriction enzymes. An enzyme, DNA ligase, then covalently binds the plasmid to the new fragment thereby generating a complete, circular plasmid that can be easily maintained in a variety of biological systems. Read on for an in-depth breakdown of how to do perform restriction digests.
Answer:
A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can be repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with the scientific method
Explanation:
The correct answer is by facilitated diffusion.
The procedure of continuous passive transport of ions or molecules through a semi-permeable membrane with the help of particular transmembrane integral proteins is known as facilitated or passive-mediated transport or facilitated diffusion.
It is a modification of osmosis incorporating a proteinaceous channel via which an extracellular solute can enter a cell in the absence of energy.
The epidermis is a barrier to ultraviolet rays, blocking much of the cancer-causing radiation from reaching the nuclei of cells called keratinocytes.
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What is keratinocytes?</h3>
- Skin cells, also known as epidermal keratinocytes, are highly specialized epithelial cells created for a very specific purpose: separating the organism from its environment.
- Keratinocytes, which make up the majority of the epidermis, have a variety of functions that are crucial for skin restoration.
- They carry out the re-epithelialization process, in which keratinocytes move, multiply, and differentiate in order to reestablish the epidermal barrier.
- The majority of the epidermis's cells, known as keratinocytes, begin in the basal layer, manufacture keratin, and help to create the epidermal water barrier by producing and secreting lipids.
- A kind of stratified epithelium known as keratinized stratified squamous epithelium has many layers of squamous cells, or keratinocytes, with the superficial layer of cells being keratinized.
- The skin's epidermis is made up of this kind of epithelium.
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