Answer:
Phosphate sugar backbone:
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
Nitrogenous base:
Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.
Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.
Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings. Examples of purines are Guanine and Adenine.
The nitrogen bases are helped together through hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen Bonds:
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
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Answer:
Essential to the formation of all known life, evidence of stable liquid water elsewhere could indicate an environment beyond Earth that could sustain the formation of extraterrestrial life
Explanation:
If there is water on other plants, Mars for example, then that shows there may be a sign of living life or a opportunity for us.
Answer:
Each one has two fatty acid chains and the glycerol backbone is bonded to a small polar group.
Explanation:
Phospholipid is a unique form of lipid. The bonding of the glycerol backbone to the polar phosphate group makes phospholipid to have dual solubility unlike general triglycerides.
The polar head is said to be hydrophillic that is <u>water loving,</u> while the two carbon chains that retained lipid features are hydrophobic <u>water hating.</u>
Therefore if a phopholipid is placed in water, in relation to its functions as component of cell membrane, it forms a bi-layer in which the water loving portion hydrophilic head points into the surrounding watery medium, while the hydrophobic layer points inwards far away from the watery medium into the internal cellular layer to form an impermeable barrier to hydrophilic (polar) substances.
This forms the basis of the phospholipd bilayer of the cell membrane. And it controls the permeability of the cell membrane to influx substances into the cells.
