Answer:
b. ethos
the ad is using the appeal of credibility and trust.
Frederick Douglass said that "Once you learn to read, you will be forever free." Douglass felt that his pathway to freedom was literacy.
Wiglaf is presented as a model of loyalty. He understands what the anglo-saxon code is like and believes in Beowulf without any doubt. He is brave and willing to help Beowulf and criticizes the other warriors for not behaving the same. This is why he is later appointed as Beowulf's heir.
