The quote which contains an underlying allegory representing humanity's resistance to change and lack of will is - The name of the one was Obstinate and the name of the other Pliable.
Obstinate means stubborn, which applies to <em>humanity's resistance to change, </em>and pliable means impressionable, malleable, and applies to <em>lack of will. </em>
The resolution I think because that is when the main conflict is resolved.<span />
It seems that you didn't include the whole excerpt, given that the last sentence abruptly stops in the middle. However, the <span>phrases in this excerpt from Robert Stawell Ball's Great Astronomers that convey a commendable tone toward Ptolemy’s work are found in the last (incomplete) sentence: </span><span><u>Ptolemy is, without doubt, the greatest figure in ancient astronomy. </u>
Commendable means praise-worthy. </span>
Option C is going to be the answer, because of the allusions the the furies and the gods of the underworld, both of which originate in Greek mythology.