The answer would be C) microevolution cause
macroevolution is over a long period of time while micrevulotion is over a small period of time and happends change in species
Nioce pfp and hope u have a good day
Answer:
Cellular membranes or plasma membranes has many functions. Some of these include regulation of cellular transport, and responding to cellular signals or hormones.
<h2>Cellular Transport</h2>
The plasma membrane is made up of the <u>phospholipid bilayer with embedded transmembrane proteins</u>. This makes the cell membrane <u>semi-permeable</u>. Movements of substances depend on the composition of the molecules e.g. glucose and amino acids, as needed by the pancreatic cells. These are larger and uncharged molecules and can't pass freely through the membrane so they utilize the transmembrane proteins via attaching to carrier proteins. This is called <em>passive transport</em>. On the other hand, in <em>active transport</em>, <u>ATP is used</u> to transfer molecules, like Hydrogen, from a low to high electrochemical gradient.
Other kinds of cellular transport are:
- Osmosis and diffusion
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
<h2>Cellular Signalling</h2>
The cell membrane is able to signal other neighboring cells by utilizing complex proteins. These proteins may take form as receptors or markers.
<h3>Membrane Receptors</h3>
They act as receivers of extracellular signals and spark intracellular processes. These receive signals from hormones, growth factors, etc.
<h3>
Membrane Markers </h3>
These allow the cells to identify each other and respond if this cell is needs further development as in organ development, or a foreign body to the system.
The answer to this question would be: vertebrae
In vertebrae fracture, traction is important to assure immobilization of the vertebrae. Movement can cause the fragment of bone in the fracture damaging the neural tissue in the vertebrae.
To ensure no movement in the neck, metal tongs can be put on the skull. The tongs will help fixate the skull with the shoulder.
Human and apes have 5 fingers that are used for grasping objects, so they have the same function, but they also have a common ancestor and are closely related, that means that this is an example of homologous structures. In evolutionary biology, the term homologous structures means that there are organs and skeletal elements of animals and organisms, that by virtue of their similarity, suggest their connection to a common ancestor.
