States had emerged as an uncontested authority in Europe.
Otrar-- located in central Asia, north of the Indian peninsula.
Genghis Khan organized and led the Mongols through an Asian conquest in the 13th century. After conquering China, the Mongols moved west taking over central and western Asia. The city of Otrar was conquered in 1219, four years after the conquest of what is now Beijing. The city held on in defense for months but eventually fell with the leadership surrendering.
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The Byzantine Empire was the eastern continuation of the Roman Empire after the Western Roman Empire's fall in the fifth century CE. ... Changes: The Byzantine Empire shifted its capital from Rome to Constantinople, changed the official religion to Christianity, and changed the official language from Latin to Greek.
Constantinople sat in the middle of a trade route,sea and land. Its wealth came from trade and its strong military. Constantinople remained secure and prosperous while cities in western Roman empire crumbles.
Explanation:
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The American reaction to Little Big Horn spelled doom for the Plains Indians. The Battle of the Little Big Horn didn't end with the massacre of Custer and his men. The Indians quickly regrouped and pursued Reno's and Benteen's battalions. The troops fought valiantly until General Terry's reinforcements finally arrived
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They left their mark with architecture!