If an atom has an outer shell that is not full, it may bond with another atom, using the electrons to complete its outer shell. These types of atoms are known as free radicals. Free radicals break cells down over time. As the body ages, it loses its ability to fight the effects of free radicals. The result is more free radicals, more oxidative stress, and more damage to cells, which leads to degenerative processes, as well as “normal” aging.
Descriptive studies are designed primarily to describe what is going on or what exists. Causal studies, which are also known as “experimental studies,” are designed to determine whether one or more variables causes or affects the value of other variables.
