The amount he had to pay if he have to purchase a laptop today that is the same value as the one he saw in the ad is $ 390.24.
Given that:-
Price of the laptop after 1 year = $ 400.
Inflation rate = 2.5 %
We have to find the amount he had to pay if he have to purchase a laptop today that is the same value as the one he saw in the ad.
Let the price he had to pay be x.
Hence, we can write,
x + (x*(2.5)*1)/100 = 400
x(1 + 1/40) = 400
x(41/40) = 400
x = 400*40/41 = $ 16000/41 = $ 390.24.
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B is the midpoint which means both sides are equal to each other:
5x = 3x + 4
Subtract 3x from both sides
2x = 4
Divide both sides by 2
X = 2
By scientific notation I am assuming you mean standard form, as that is used primarily in scientific calculations. The answer in standard form would be

I hope this helps!
Cos Z = 32/40 => Z= cos-¹(32/40) =>
sin Z = sin (cos-¹(32/40)) = 3/5