In behavioural terms, drugs like aspirin are considered negative reinforcers because they stop a person from feeling pain.
Negative reinforcement is a method that can be used to help teach specific behaviours. With negative reinforcement, something uncomfortable or otherwise unpleasant is taken away in response to a stimulus. Over time, the target behaviour should increase with the expectation that the unpleasant thing will be taken away.
For negative reinforcement to work, whatever is taken away must be taken away immediately after the behaviour in question. The end result is to get whatever behaviour is happening to continue and even increase.
Example :
A person hears a loud alarm. They push the STOP button on the alarm to make the noise stop. Now whenever the alarm goes off, they push the STOP button as quickly as they can.
- Before behaviour: Loud alarm
- Behaviour: Person turns alarm off
- After behaviour: No more annoying sound
- Future behaviour: Person pushes STOP every morning to quiet alarm
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Answer:
But while a stethoscope and other at-home devices make this possible, hearing the faint sound of a baby's heartbeat isn't always possible. One of the best ways to hear the heartbeat is during a prenatal appointment when your OB-GYN uses an ultrasound or fetal Doppler
A five-year-old presents to the emergency department with epiglottitis
the nurse's first priority should be control of anxiety,facilitation of learning, Medications, and Hydration.
<h3>
Epiglottis</h3>
The throat's epiglottis, a leaf-shaped flap, serves to keep food and liquids out of the windpipe and the lungs. When breathing, it remains open, allowing air to enter the larynx. It closes during swallowing to stop food from being inhaled into the lungs, forcing any liquids or food to travel down the esophagus and toward the stomach.
<h3>Interventions in Nursing</h3>
For a child with epiglottitis, the nursing interventions are:
- control of anxiety:- The family should demonstrate personal activities that will help the youngster get rid of or lessen emotions of anxiety and stress that are coming from an unknown source.
- facilitation of learning:- In addition to encouraging progress in the patient's capacity and openness to accept information, the nurse should support their ability to process and comprehend information.
- Medications:- As directed, give antibiotics such as cefuroxime.
- Hydration:- Since the child couldn't swallow, adjust the IV fluid as necessary.
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The situations that an inspector would note as a defect due to its link to lung cancer are missing here, but they may be associated with industrialized areas.
<h3>What is lung cancer?</h3>
Lung cancer is a very serious disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of lung cells (e.g., epithelial cells).
Lung cancer is generally triggered by environmental factors such as excessive smoking and this disease may also be associated with industrialized areas where chemical substances are released to the surrounding environment.
In conclusion, the situations that an inspector would note as a defect due to its link to lung cancer may be associated with industrialized areas.
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