Answer: Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development
Explanation: Vygotsky's Cognitive Development Theory is the theory that states about the constructive behavior of the children to obtain the cognitive factors. Instruction ,guidance and interaction on social base is considered as the feature of the theory which enhances the learning , solving problem and other skills.
The situation mentioned in the question describes about the Vygotsky's theory because Dr Smith believes in improving the knowledge through instruction in 9-year old .
Number 1 but just reworded in diffrent way
Possibly more trades could take place around the world
What error in judgement did the Portuguese make?
Answer: The error in judgement that the Portuguese had made was to accept a to meet the king amicably and offer him some gifts brought to the king. But it turns out that not only did the king already saw the portuguese as thieves and saw their gift as nothing special.
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