Loisel is using hyperbole to make a point.
Hyperbole is a literary term that is used to show exaggeration.
From the given sentence Loisel tells Mathilde that the <u>"whole world will be there"</u> and that <u>"everyone will be there"</u> to show that a lot of people will go to the ball.
This does not literally mean that the whole world will go to the ball, but he is using hyperbole to show that a lot of people will be in attendance.
Therefore, Loisel is making use of hyperbole to make a point
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