In most plants, the leaves are the main food factories. They capture the sun's energy with the help of chlorophyll in the leaf cells. The chlorophyll traps and packages the energy from the light of the sun in a process called photosynthesis. Leaves usually have a large surface so they can collect the most sunlight.
One fourth means (one half) of (one half) .
So the 18 months must be two half-lifes.
The half-life of this particular isotope is 9 months.
You are correct :) Red coat's genotype would be tt and the black bull's genotype would be Tt. You put those in a punnett square, and you'd get 2 tt's and 2 Tt's. Hope this helps! :D