Answer:
The main function of the RB protein is to inhibit the transition from the G1 to S phase. Its activity depends on its phosphorylation state: if RB is not phosphorylated (active state), it is bound to the transcription factor E2F, preventing its translocation to the nucleus and the activation of genes necessary for DNA synthesis; and if it is phosphorylated, by cyclin-CDK complexes, E2F is released and cell proliferation occurs.
Explanation:
Retinoblastoma (Rb) was the first tumor suppressor described and, as we know today, mutations in its structure determine a large number of cancers. Structurally, we speak of a large and multifunctional protein; which is organized in different domains. The activity of this protein is regulated, mainly, by phosphorylation at multiple sites described over the years and is involved in control mechanisms of the cell cycle, apoptosis and senescence.
Answer: <span>Almost every type of bacteria has become stronger and less responsive to antibiotic treatment when it is really needed.
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Answer:
Anaerobic respiration resulting in oxygen debt, due to lactic acid accumulation.
Explanation:
After strenuous muscle activity extra oxygen is needed to re-convert lactic acid into glucose and ATP. As you exercise the liver anaerobically converts glucose to lactic acid and carbon dioxide this results in oxygen debts that needs to be repaid later.
Oxygen debt by definition is the amount of oxygen needed by muscles to oxidise lactic acid to glucose after muscle activity.
The answer is water vapor.
Water is presented in the form of tiny gas particles called water vapor in the atmosphere. The clouds are formed when this invisible water vapor in the atmosphere condenses onto microscopic particles (dust, dirt,...).
