Carbon 14 has a half life of 5,730 years. Scientists measure how much carbon 14 the rock has. For objects older than 50,000 years, scientists will test the age of the things surrounding it.
Physical change only change the appearances of a substance, not it’s chemical composition. Chemical changes cause an entirely new substance with new chemical formula.
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is a Y-5 molar pattern.
<h3>What is the Y-5 molar pattern?</h3>
- This is a distinctive type of molar teeth pattern found in apes and hominoids.
- In this, 5 cusps or raised surfaces are present on the grinding surface of teeth, roughly forming a Y- shape. Therefore, this is also known as Y-5 pattern.
- Whereas Old world monkeys have only 4 cusps on their lower molars present in a bilophodont pattern.
- A Y-5 molar is formed when the tooth is divided into different pieces which form the complete structure of the tooth.
- In bilophodont pattern the tooth is divided into 2 symmetric sections.
- The dental formula of apes is 2.1.2.3/2.1.2.3 i.e. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars.
Learn more about dentition in apes here:
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When atoms in a covalent bond share electrons unequally (one atoms pulls more than the other), the bond is said to be a polar bond is formed when electrons are unequally shared between two atoms. Polar covalent bonding occurs because one atom has a stronger affinity for electrons than the other (yet not enough to pull the electrons away completely and form an ion).
