Energy stored by respiration is stored via the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP releases this energy when its phosphate bond is broken, producing ADP and a phosphate group as byproducts. ATP is stored within the cell cytoplasm and is abundant in muscle cells due to its high demand in them.
So the sun gives energy to the producers (plants) and then the primary consumers eat the producers getting their energy from the plants. Then, the secondary consumers eat the primary consumers getting their energy from the primary consumers and finally the tertiary consumers eat the secondary consumers getting their energy from them. Therefore, the entire energy pyramid starts with the sun!
d. The carbon atoms came from carbon dioxide and were incorporated into sugars through photosynthesis in the grass.
Explanation:
Grass eating cows are heterotrophs and can not synthesize the organic sugars by themselves. They derive it from grasses they eat.
Grasses are the autotrophs that can fix atmospheric carbon dioxide into glucose in the presence of sunlight by the process of photosynthesis. The extra glucose formed during photosynthesis is stored in the cells of grasses in the form of starch and becomes a source of carbon for herbivores such as cows.
