Answer:
Diffusion is the net movement of any substance from a higher concentration region to the lower concentration region. It is conducting by a concentration gradient.
Osmosis is a process in which solvent (molecules) pass through a semipermeable membrane (SPM) from a lower concentration solution region to a higher concentration region so it equalizes the concentrations on each side of the SPM.
A <u>hypotonic solution</u> is a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than outside of the cell. Thus the movement of water is from outside to the inside of the cell.
A <u>hypertonic solution</u> is a solution in which solutes concentration is greater outside the cell and low concentration inside. The movement of water is from inside the cell to outside the cell.
An <u>isotonic solution</u> where two solutions having the same concentration inside and outside of the cell so there is free movement of molecules across a semipermeable membrane.
Answer:
a. are found in bacterial lipopolysaccharide
Explanation:
Oligosaccharides are the carbohydrates which are made of approximately 3-10 units of monosaccharide. Oligosaccharides are bound to the lipids or the proteins to form the glycolipids and the glycoproteins respectively by the O-glycosidic or the N-glycosidic linkages. <u>They are found in the bacterial lipopolysaccharides especially cell wall lipopolysaccharides of the Gram negative bacteria. Llipopolysaccharide of the Gram negative bacteria consists of O-antigen that consists of repeated oligosaccharide units.</u>
This systematic review assesses the impact of peer education/counselling on nutrition and health outcomes in Latinos and identifies needs for future research.
The systematic literature search consisted of
- Searches of Internet databases
- Perform a reverse search of the reference list of articles of interest
- A manual review of the archives of the Latin American Centre for Eliminating Health Disparities.
- Search Journal of Nutrition Education and Behaviour.
- Direct contact with researchers in the field.
The authors reviewed 22 articles obtained from experimental or quasi-experimental studies.
Outcome measures:
Type 2 diabetes behavioural and metabolic outcomes, breastfeeding, nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behaviours.
RESULTS:
Peer nutrition education positively impacts not only overall nutritional knowledge and behaviour in Latinos, but also diabetes self-management and breastfeeding outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:
Randomized longitudinal studies testing the effects of peer nutrition education interventions based on theories of goal setting and culturally appropriate behaviour change are needed.
Further advancing knowledge in this promising field requires the incorporation of credible scales and the construction of acculturation.
The characteristics of the best peer educators, the type of training they should receive, the client load and volume, and the best educational approaches and offers to identify. An operational survey is also required to identify Preferences.
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Answer: The number of available symptomatic treatments has markedly enhanced the care of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Once thought to be “untreatable”, patients with ALS today clearly benefit from multidisciplinary care. The impact of such care on the disease course, including rate of progression and mortality, has surpassed the treatment effects commonly sought in clinical drug trials. Unfortunately, there are few randomized controlled trials of medications or interventions addressing symptom management which has resulted in the need for physicians to base their selection of specific therapies upon personal experience and anecdotal reports (1 Forshew). In this review, we will provide the level of evidence, when available, for each intervention that is currently considered “standard of care” by consensus opinion.
Explanation:
