According to Aristotle, there are three categories of ethos:
1. phronesis – practical skills & wisdom
2. arete – virtue, goodness
3. eunoia – goodwill towards the audience
Answer:
This isnt my work, but I found this on another website and I want to share it here so I can help you guys too (I know it says 5 paragraphs and this is one big blob, sorry about that):
William Shakespeare's midsummer night’s dream is a tale about love, family, confusion, dreams, reality, and magic. the play contains many binary opposites or elements that oppose one another, such as light and dark or love and hate. one of the ways Shakespeare uses these binary opposites is by establishing two very different settings for the story: the Athenian court of Theseus, and the woods ruled by fairies. The former setting represents law and order, while the latter represents disorder and chaos. by establishing these two opposite settings of order and chaos, Shakespeare is able to demonstrate that a balance of both ideals is necessary for a happy and successful life. the beginning of the play takes place in the Athenian court. egeus has brought his daughter, Hermia, before Theseus to force Hermia to marry Demetrius, but she is refusing because of her love for Lysander. as a result of Hermia's rebellion, she must either enter a convent or die. this harsh penalty is an example of the strict nature of law and order in the court. these strict rules set up the central conflict in the story, forcing Hermia and Lysander into the woods to escape her father’s control. in the woods, however, things are very different. Oberon and puck are mischief-makers, meddling in the lives of humans and fairies alike. They create confusion and disorder, initially causing many problems for the young lovers in the woods. Oberon explains his plan to use a love potion to control the humans: “fetch me that flower; the herb I shew'd thee once. the juice of it on sleeping eye-lids laid Will make or man or woman madly dote Upon the next live creature that it sees” (2.1.175-178). this love potion is magic, and would not be found in the court of law and order. the woods then not only makes things interesting in the story, but also creates an alternate reality where people change their affections, Hermia and Helena trade societal roles, and characters such as bottom turn in to characters that are symbolic of their personality. the chaos, in a way, reveals the dual nature of the characters, and what could be argued as their true complex nature that was not appreciated in the court. by the end of the play, the characters return to the court to be married and live happily ever after, despite egeus’s initial objections. this proves that the events in the woods, the chaos caused, had a profound effect on the nature of the court. the law and order are still present, as is evidenced by the weddings, but the disorder has lessed the strict nature of the court, as is evidenced by the fairies presence in the court after the weddings. The fairies bless the court as if Shakespeare is proving that a little chaos is necessary now and then to make things end up the way they are supposed to be, but that order is necessary for a happy ending as well. the play becomes one about the balance between the two ideals, and a cautionary tale about relying too heavily on order or chaos.
By what the other characters say about the character, by what the character says, by what the author says, by what the character does
