When the cardiac muscle cell is at rest, the concentration of sodium and calcium is greater on the outside of the cell.
The resting membrane potential (the cardiac muscle cell is at rest) is characterized by more negatively charged inside of the membrane comparing to the outside. The main ions found outside the cell at rest are: sodium (Na+), and chloride (Cl−), and Ca2+ whereas inside the cell it is mainly potassium (K+).
Answer:
Because water exhibits cohesive behavior.
Explanation:
Cohesive behavior can be explained as a behavior where molecules are attracted to each other.
And this means that, water molecules are attracted to each other because of their cohesive behavior. This makes them to be attracted to other substances, such as the walls of the xylem of plants.
In this case, it is believed that the water molecules behave this way because they are polar, that is, there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. And this enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of the plants.
Answer:
B.secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
