Answer:
Consider the following explanation
Explanation:
a) J. Crew is issuing its catalogs monthly in response to inflation. This will incur cost and it is known as 'Menu Cost'.
b) Grandpa has bought annuity which has promised $10,000 a year for the rest of his life. However, higher than expected inflation means grandpa has lesser purchasing power. This is loss of purchasing power and also 'redistribution cost'. In higher inflation borrower tends to get benefit. Here insurance company is at the gain.
c) Maria is witnessing loss of purchasing power because of hyper inflation. In such scenario, cost keeps rising and product's price could be higher a few hours later. This was witnessed in Germany as well as in Zimbabwe. People run to the stores as soon as they get cash or salary. It is known as 'shoe leather cost'. People make frequent trips to banks or stores but do not keep cash in fear of losing value.
d) Gita actually earned only 5% on her portfolio but as her income is in taxable bracket so she has to pay 20% tax. Her income from portfolio not even compensated inflation. This is a redistribution cost and also known as fiscal drag. More people fall into bracket because higher nominal income but real income is neglected which makes people worse off.
e) Father thinks that son is earning far more than him but inflation over the period of time erodes purchasing power and it could be possible that current income might be lower, same or higher comparing to inflation data. However, if it is lower then it is obviously loss of purchasing power.
Answer:
Owner's equity at year end would be $61,100
Explanation:
$58,900(Beginning equity) + $8,200 (Net income increases owner's equity) - $2,500 (This is paid out of retained earnings/owner's equity) - $3,500 ( A repurchase of stocks reduced owner's equity as cash would have been given to the shareholder for their equity) = $61,100
Answer:
C. consumer sovereignty.
Explanation:
Consumer sovereignty in economics imply that consumers have the power to determine what will be produced. They do this by demanding for products they want, increasing its supply and demanding less of products they do not want which reduces its supply.
I hope my answer helps you
To increase the usage of the road the community should stop collecting toll payment, that is, they should set the toll equal to zero.
