The answer is (1) !!
it is one direction, from sun to produces to consumer !!
A scientific hypothesis is an educated guess that is made about an observation based on the prior knowledge of the scientist. Hypothesis are always testable.
An hypothesis can be tested through experimentation and it can also be tested through deductive methods.
Answer:
Explanation:
A retrovirus is an RNA virus that is duplicated in a host cell using the reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome. The DNA is then incorporated into the host’s genome by an integrase enzyme. The virus thereafter replicates as part of the host cell’s DNA. Retroviruses are enveloped viruses that belong to the viral family Retroviridae. A special variant of retroviruses are endogenous retroviruses, which are integrated into the genome of the host and inherited across generations. Endogenous retroviruses are a type of transposon.
What are the nephron?
Nephrons are the functional unit of the kidney. There are about two million nephrons in each of our kidneys. Each nephron has a network of glomelural capillaries called glomerulus where blood filtration occurs, and the renal tabule which is where the filtered fluid is converted to urine.
How they work?
The nephrons act as a filter, cleaning our blood. Unwanted metabolites like urea and creatinine are taken from the blood, as well as high amounts of sodium. The filtered fluid flows from inside Bowman's capsule (epithelial cells surrounding the glomerulus) and from there into the proximal tubule (see attached figure at the end). From the tubule, fluid flows into several other ducts until it reaches the ducts where collectors will empty into the renal pelvis.