Answer:
Reconstruction was the turbulent era following the Civil War. The effort to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million newly-freed slaves into the United States proved to be difficult. Under the administration of President Andrew Johnson, new southern state legislatures passed restrictive “black codes” to control the labor and behavior of former slaves and other African Americans. Outrage in the North over these codes eroded support for the approach known as Presidential Reconstruction and led to the triumph of the more radical wing of the Republican Party. During Radical Reconstruction, which began with the passage of the Reconstruction Act of 1867, newly enfranchised blacks gained a voice in government for the first time in American history, winning election to southern state legislatures and even to the U.S. Congress. In less than a decade, however, reactionary forces–including the Ku Klux Klan–would reverse the changes wrought by Radical Reconstruction in a violent backlash that restored white supremacy in the South.
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The European country was Spain. Spanish conquistadors were the first to explore and map out Texas in 1519.
So they can spin the narrative that suits them in particular.
Answer:
Described as "the shot heard round the world," British soldiers (also called red coats) in April of 1775 and minutemen (the colonists' militia) exchanged gunfire at Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts. This signaled the start of the American Revolution.
Best of luck!
The Vietnam era policies of Dwight Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy differed substantially because they occurred at decidedly different moments in the evolution of the conflict. Eisenhower, who was President of the United States in the 1950's, inherited the conflict after the defeat of the French in what was called Indochina in 1954. Eisenhower provided military aid to the French but avoided military involvement. An international conference was convened in Geneva. A cease-fire agreement and partition of the country into Northern and Southern Vietnam was achieved. This was a temporary arrangement and a vote was scheduled for reunification. Convinced that the reunification of the country could lead to Communist control throughout, the U.S. backed leader resisted holding elections for this purpose. The U.S. in turn gave more than 1 billion in aid between 1955 and 1961. This aid failed to stabilize South Vietnam. Utilized the domino theory, the Cold War ideology that if one country fell to Communism then others would follow, President Kennedy tripled U.S. support. He also tripled the number of military advisers and the number swelled to sixteen thousand. Protests expanded against the South Vietnamese government led by Buddhist priests and students. The policies of Eisenhower and Kennedy laid the groundwork for the subsequent escalation of the Vietnam War under Lyndon Baines Johnson.
