The first line of defense, <span>includes physical and chemical barriers. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, bacteria and white blood cells called necrophiliacs.</span>
Answer:
1. 39 J; 2. 3.9 % usable; 3. 96.1 % unusable
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Available energy
Energy consumed = 1000 J
Less waste = - 177 J
Less respiration = <u>-784 J
</u>
Total energy lost = <u>-961 J
</u>
Available energy = 39 J
2. Percent of total energy usable
The chipmunk could use only 39 J of the original 1000 J.
% of energy usable = 39 J/1000 J × 100 % = 3.9 %
3. Percent of energy unusable
The chipmunk lost 961 J of the original 1000 J.
% of energy unusable = 961 J/1000 J × 100 % = 96.1 %
Answer:
Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway is the pathway is a series of chain reaction which converts the glucose molecule to pyruvate unlike in the glycolysis where the glucose is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate.
The enzymes used in the ED pathway are different from the enzymes used in the PPP pathway and glycolysis.
The pathways are used by the gram-negative bacteria and archaea and few gram-positive bacteria.
The ED pathway produces only 1 ATP, 1 NADPH and 1 NADH therefore the microbes which use this process are aerobic microbes.
The ED pathway is used by the microbes which lack the enzymes for the glycolysis process like Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and others.
Since this is an alternative method to produce energy molecule which lacks the glycolytic enzymes therefore this is an advantage to certain microbes.
Answer:
The correct answer is - option A and Option C.
Explanation:
Osmotic pressure is the minimum force or pressure that is required to stop or prevent the water movement from diffusing through the semipermeable membrane by osmosis.
The osmotic pressure of the solution or water would be increase if the concentration of the water or solution would be increase by adding more solute.
Thus, the correct answer would be - a AND c