Each branch of government has specific powers with checks and balances. Also, states have certain rights and powers.
Before Brown v. Board of Education, public schools could remain segregated based on race as long as the educational opportunities remained equal. Brown v. Board of Education ruled the "separate but equal" idea to be unconstitutional and unequal. This was the beginning of the end of racial segregation in schools. Hope this helped!
At that time the resources and especially money is scarce since the economy is just starting to recover again after the war. The businessmen needs cash or capital to simply buy and sell goods or to start a business.
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Robespierre entered politics in 1789.