Answer:
B. monopoly firms but not for competitive firms.
Explanation:
Marginal revenue can become negative for monopoly firms but not for competitive firms.
A monopolist’s marginal revenue is always less than or equal to the price of the good.
Marginal revenue is the amount of revenue the firm receives for each additional unit of output. It is the difference between total revenue – price times quantity – at the new level of output and total revenue at the previous output (one unit less).
Since the monopolist’s marginal cost curve lies below its demand curve. When a monopoly increases amount sold, it has two effects on total revenue:
– the output effect: More output is sold, so Q is higher.
– the price effect: To sell more, the price must decrease, so P is lower.
For a competitive firm there is no price effect. The competitive firm can sell all it wants at the given price.
So the marginal revenue on a monopolist's additional unit sold is lower than the price, <u>because it gets less revenue for selling additional units.</u>
<u>Marginal revenue can become negative – that is, the total revenue decreases from one output level to the next.
</u>
Well i suppose the second stage involves the information search of the consumer buying process.<span />
Based on microeconomic theory, <u>Total</u> costs refer to the sum of the fixed and variable costs for any given level of production.
<h3>What makes Total Cost?</h3>
Generally, the total cost is the sum of all the price of the material utilized, the wages or salary paid in the production, and the direct expenditure.
<h3>Components of Total Cost </h3>
The components of Total Cost include the following:
- Prime cost
- Factory cost
- Office cost
- Cost of sales, etc.
Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is "<u>Total Cost."</u>
Learn more about Total Cost here: brainly.com/question/25109150
Answer:
Financial intermediaries; savings; real investments; save; mutual funds; ETFs; commodity markets; shares; liquid; stock market; banks; CFO; bonds
Explanation:
Financial markets and FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES channel SAVINGS to REAL INVESTMENTS . They also channel money from individuals who want to SAVE for the future to those who need cash to spend today. A third function of financial markets is to allow individuals and businesses to adjust their risk. For example, MUTUAL FUNDS, such as the Vanguard Index fund, and ETF( educational trust funds) , such as SPDR's or "spiders," allow individuals to spread their risk across a large number of stocks. Financial markets provide other mechanisms for sharing risks. For example, a wheat farmer and a baker may use the COMMODITY MARKETS to reduce their exposure to wheat prices. Financial markets and intermediaries allow investors to turn an investment into cash when needed. For example, the SHARES of public companies are LIQUID because they are traded in huge volumes on the STOCK MARKET .
BANKS are the main providers of payment services by offering checking accounts and electronic transfers. Finally, financial markets provide information. For example, the CFO of a company that is contemplating an issue of debt can look at the yields on existing BONDS to gauge how much interest the company will need to pay.
Answer:
<u>Predatory pricing</u>
Explanation:
A "predator" refers to an animal who survives by "preying" on other animals.
Predatory pricing in a similar sense refers to that form of excessively low pricing which in a way consumes other firms by taking away their share of industry revenues. Such form of pricing is considered illegal and is against healthy competition.
Such pricing eliminates competitors from the market and gradually leads to emergence of a monopoly i.e supremacy of a single firm in the whole industry and thus considered an illegal practice.
In the given case, the retail chain can be alleged to have followed predatory pricing which is substantiated by the fact that it cuts it's prices excessively i.e even below cost , thereby forcing smaller companies to exit the industry.
