Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNA and DNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, but they have slightly different chemical properties. The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Each sequence of three bases, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three bases that does not code for an amino acid).
The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. It is so important that it is sometimes called the “central dogma.”
Through the processes of transcription and translation, information from genes is used to make proteins.
Answer: I can only help you with one
4. D because you need data fro what ever your doing.
thats as much as i can help vote me the brainleirst
Phylum. The classification system goes: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Anything that shares a class also share anything above it.
On the map you have to put the grains and stuff on the region that grows them
Answer:
No
Explanation:
If the earth was tilted, there would be small changes in temperature, but there will be no seasons. The Earth's axis is now inclined at around 24 degrees. This is the main reason for the changing of the seasons. The Northern Hemisphere is in the warm season when the Earth is slanted toward the sun, and the Northern Hemisphere is in the cold season when the Earth is slanted away from the sun. The cycle repeats itself every year because the Earth rotates around the sun at a known and generally constant rate. The sun is higher in the sky during the warm season, making it warmer, and lower in the sky during the cool season, making it colder.
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