When to Use Commas After Restrictive Appositive Phrases
When the introductory phrase is a restrictive appositive phrase, don’t use a comma to separate it from the main clause. An appositive phrase is a phrase that renames the subject of the sentence. For example, the highlighted phrase in the sentence below is an appositive phrase because it renames the subject:
Example: Kate, an only child , demands a lot of attention.
There are two types of appositive phrases: restrictive and nonrestrictive. A restrictive appositive phrase is one that is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. A nonrestrictive appositive phrase isn’t necessary but simply adds information to the sentence. The example appositive phrase above is nonrestrictive because the sentence still makes sense without the phrase; it just doesn’t include as much information. The sentence below, however, contains a restrictive appositive:
The opera singer Maria Callas had myopia.
In this case, the appositive is restrictive because it is necessary for the reader to know which opera singer had myopia. Sometimes, a restrictive appositive phrase acts as an introductory phrase. In these instances, don’t use a comma to separate the phrase from the subject that it renames.
The award-winning teacher, Mrs. Becky Armstrong, was honored at graduation for her impact on students’ lives.
The award-winning teacher Mrs. Becky Armstrong was honored at graduation for her impact on students’ lives.
This question seems to be incomplete. However, there is enough information to find the right answer.
Answer: Pearl notices that the scarlet letter on her mother's bosom has paved the way for lack of sunshine in her mother´s lie.
Explanation:
The question refers to The Scarlet Letter: A Romance (1850), by Nathaniel Hawthorne.
In the provided excerpt, Pearl notices that the sun seems to dislike her mother because of the scarlet letter on her bosom. Pearls comment about how that doesn´t happen to her because she doesn't have the scarlet letter yet implies that she thinks she will when she grows up to be an adult woman.
This means that she doesn´t think that the scarlet letter is unique to her mother, but something she will also get when she grows up. And she doesn´t admire her mother for it, as she dislikes how the sun runs away from her.
Pearl´s words imply that she, who is usually aware of things that others can´t see, has realized that the lack of sunshine in her mother’s life is caused by the scarlet letter on her bosom.
Answer
He waved a cane around as well as a large newspaper stamping and hissing in order to force Gregory back into his room
Tanya carried Abigail's yellow umbrella and the small three shopping bags as she walked down the busy city sidewalk. Hope this helps!
