Answer:
Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix
Explanation:
The Golgi complex lies at the heart of the secretory pathway and is responsible for modifying proteins and lipids, as well as sorting newly synthesized molecules to their correct destination. As a consequence of these important roles, any changes in its proteome can negatively affect its function and in turn lead to disease.
Disruption of specific transport steps between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, endosomal-lysosomal system and the plasma membrane all can have dramatic consequences on the cell, and increasingly defects in the molecular machinery regulating membrane traffic are being linked to hereditary diseases.
Any changes to the proteome of the Golgi complex would affect its homeostasis and consequently the flux of proteins trafficking through it.
One possible consequence of mutations in Golgi complex proteins is that they cause gross changes in the morphology of the entire organelle and protein mislocalization, which together result in functional problems such as impairment of glycosylation.
Genetic studies of humans and mice continue to highlight the nonredundant mechanical role of components in complexes that anchor cells to extracellular matrices. At the same time, recent data provide exciting insights into, critical roles of transcription factors in regulating differentiation and function of matrix-producing cells.
Answer:
The alignment of the elements in the following sequence will take place in the eukaryotic genome:
a. Promoter
b. Nucleotide to which methylated cap is added
c. 5 prime UTR
d. Initiation codon
e. Splice donor
f. Splice branch site
g. Splice acceptor
h. Stop codon
i. 3 prime UTR
j. Transcription terminator
k. Poly A addition site
After the process of splicing, the ultimate transcript will comprise the elements b, c, d, h, i. In eukaryotes, the RNA polymerase begins the process of transcription after it crosses the promoter region, and ceases at the transcription terminator. At the time of RNA processing, a 5 prime cap is supplemented to the transcript, splicing occurs, and a poly-A tail is supplemented. The 5 prime UTR and 3 prime UTR regions are found in the final transcript, that is, the mature RNA, however, are not translated.
Answer:
The cell membrane is semi-permeable. It allows some molecules to enter easily inside the cell whereas some molecules are blocked from entering the cell.
Small, polar molecules and hydrophobic molecules enter easily through the cell membrane. But large molecules and ions cannot easily move inside the cell membrane.
A hydrophilic substance like the substance L mentioned in the question enters the cell membrane through the help of carrier proteins. The substance attached to the large protein might enter through active or passive diffusion but it can only enter the cell by attaching to carrier proteins.
A form of high blood sugar affecting pregnant women.
Those who develop gestational diabetes are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
The answer is c.
the hypothesis that cells are formed spontaneously by free cell formation was proven wrong by scientists.
