Explanation:
A hub is used to send the message from one port to other ports.It does not know the specific address of the destination where the message needs to send.it works on Physical layer of the OSI model(layer 1).
A switch can handle data and it knows the specific address of the destination.A switch works on the data link Layer of the OSI model(layer 2).
Answer:
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Explanation:
the term has changed over the years.
Well, more and more people are buying products and then uploading them online so that other people, who may not have the money or just don't want to buy them can download them for free. Of course, this is illegal, however it is a common practice all over the globe. Even if you are not downloading, but rather just watching a show on a website where you don't have to pay for it - it is still piracy.
Since Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) fixes critical vulnerabilities in the earlier wired equivalent privacy (WEP) standard, the attacks that is related to encrypted wireless packets is option A: IV attacks.
<h3>Describe an IV attack.</h3>
A wireless network attack is called an initialization vector (IV) attack. During transmission, it alters the IV of an encrypted wireless packet. One packet's plaintext can be utilized by an attacker to calculate the RC4 key stream produced by the IV employed.
Note that A binary vector used to initialize the encryption process for a plaintext block sequence in order to boost security by adding more cryptographic variance and to synchronize cryptographic hardware. The initialization vector is not required to be kept secret.
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See full question below
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) fixes critical vulnerabilities in the earlier wired equivalent privacy (WEP) standard. Understanding that WPA uses a combination of an RC4 stream cipher and Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), this makes a wireless access point NOT vulnerable to which of the following attacks when related to encrypted wireless packets?
IV attacks
Malware
Ransoware
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