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shtirl [24]
1 year ago
8

When a government establishes a marketable permit program to address environmental pollution, it is actually issuing a form of c

ommand-and-control regulation. pollution tax. permit to pollute. inflexible, costly regulation.
Business
1 answer:
adoni [48]1 year ago
4 0

A government is issuing a permit to pollute when its establishes a marketable permit program to address environmental pollution.

<h3>What is a marketable permit program?</h3>

This refers to a a program in which a city / state government issues permits allowing only a certain quantity of pollution such as water, noise, air pollution into the environment.

In other times, the permits to pollute can be sold or given to firms free and the pollution charge can also be a tax imposed on the quantity of pollution that a firm emits.

Hence, the government is issuing a permit to pollute when its establishes a marketable permit program to address environmental pollution.

Read more about marketable permit program

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A company has the opportunity to take over a redevelopment project in an industrial area of a city. No immediate investment is r
Ganezh [65]

Answer:

1-a. The are multiple IRRs stated as follows:

The first IRR value = 4.09%

Second IRR value = 31.82%

1-b. Rate of return = 7.58%

2. This is NOT a good investment because the NPV is negative.

Explanation:

Note: The estimated Net Cash Flow for the 4th year in the data is erroneously stated in the question as a positive value instead as a negative value since it is a cost.

The estimated net cash flows correctly before answering the question as follows:

Year End             Net Cash Flow

1                             $500,000

2                            $300,000

3                            $100,000

4                          –$2,400,000

5                            $150,000

6                            $200,000

7                            $250,000

8                            $300,000

9                            $350,000

10                           $400,000

The explanation of the answers is now given as follows:

1-a. Tabulate the PW versus the interest rate and determine whether multiple IRRs exist.

Note: See Part 1-a of the attached excel file for the tabulation of the PW versus the interest rate.

From Part 1-a of the attached excel file, it can be observed that multiple IRRs exist. This is because there two IRRs stated as follows:

The first IRR value = 4.09%

Second IRR value = 31.82%

1-b. If so, use the ERR method when e 8% per year to determine a rate of return.

Note: See Part 1-a of the attached excel file for the calculation of total future value of income when e = 8% per year.

In the attached excel file, note that year 4 has a cost not income. Therefore,

From attached excel, we have:

Total Future Value of Income = $3,661,508.81

In the attached excel file, note that year 4 has a cost (not income) of $2,400,000. Therefore, it future value is not calculated. However, the present of the cost can be calculated as follows:

Present value of cost in year 4 = $2,400,000 / (100% + e)^4 = $2,400,000 / (100% + 8%)^4 = $1,764,071.65

The rate of return can now be calculated as follows:

Rate of return = ((Total Future Value of Income / Present value of cost in year 4)^(1/Number of period)) - 1 = (($3,661,508.81 / $1,764,071.65)^(1/10)) - 1 = 0.0758, or 7.58%

2. Use the PW method and a MARR of 18% to determine whether this is a good investment.

Note: See Part 2 of the attached excel file for the calculation of net present value (NPV).

From part 2 of the attached excel file, we have:

Net present value = –$21,043.15

Since the net present value is negative, this implies that this is NOT a good investment.

Download xlsx
5 0
3 years ago
Star Corp. reported pretax net income from continuing operations of $1,000,000. Tax depreciation exceeded book depreciation by $
anastassius [24]

Answer:

Star Corp

A.

Pretax net income from continuing operations = $1,000,000

Add Accrued Vacation $50,000

Deduct additional Tax Depreciation $100,000

Deduct Dividend received deductions $150,000

Net Taxable Income = $800,000

Income Tax expenses = 21% x $800,000 = $168,000

Income tax Expense provision based on book Net income = 21% x $1,000,000 = $210,000

Income tax benefit = $168,000 minus $210,000 = $42,000 (benefit)

B.

Deferred income tax expense =

Income tax Provision = $210,000

Less income tax expense = $168,000

Differed income tax (benefit) = $42,000

C.

Reconciliation

Book Net income = $1,000,000

Tax rate = 21%

Tax expense provision = $210,000...(a)

Pretax net income from continuing operations = $1,000,000

Add Accrued Vacation $50,000

Deduct additional Tax Depreciation $100,000

Deduct Dividend received deductions $150,000

Taxable Net income (adjusted) = $800,000

Tax rate = 21%

Tax expense provision = $168,000......(b)

Difference (a) minus (b) = $42,000 . This is a benefit to the firm (star corp) because its actual tax liability is less than what it provided for because of net deductibles not accounted for in its income statement.

5 0
3 years ago
A 2-year maturity bond with face value of $1,000 makes annual coupon payments of $80 and is selling at face value. What will be
il63 [147K]

Solution:

Annual coupon payment of the bond is $80

At the beginning of the year, remaining maturity period is 2 years.

Price of the bond is equal to face value, i.e. the initial price of the bond is $1000.

New price of the bond = present value of the final coupon payment + present value of the maturity amount.

New price of the bond = $\frac{80}{1+r} +\frac{1000}{1+r}$

where, r is the yield to maturity at the end of the year.

Substitute 0.06 for r in the above equation,

Therefore new price of the bond is  = $\frac{80}{1+0.06} +\frac{1000}{1+0.06}$

                                                           = $\frac{1080}{1.06}$

                                                           = $ 1010.87

Calculating the rate of return of the bond as

$\text{rate of return}=\frac{\text{coupon+new price-old price}}{\text{initial price}}$

                     $=\frac{80+1018.87-1000}{1000}$

                     = 0.09887

Therefore, the rate of return on the bond is 9.887%

                                                                    ≈ 10 %

4 0
3 years ago
Echo Sound Company just began business and made the following four inventory purchases in June: June 1 150 units $ 1,040 June 10
postnew [5]

Answer:

FiFo method as prices are continuously increasing

Explanation:

Date                Units               Cost                    Per Unit Cost

June 1             150 units            $ 1,040               6.93

June 10           200 units              1,560               7.8

June 15          200 units               1,680               8.4

June 28          150 units               1,320               8.8

                                                  $5,600

As the unit price is increasing the method which yields the highest gross profit would be FIFO.But in some cases the income is overstated as the beginning inventory is too old to account for . Similarly Lifo gives lower net income but that too is not very beneficial when the inventory is almost obsolete.

The average method gives a measure in between FIFO and LIFO.

7 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is not a core component of the federal reserve bank
natali 33 [55]
The answer to this question is A.
8 0
3 years ago
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