A cladogram is an image or a diagram that shows us an evolutionary relationship between different organisms. Up at the top we find the different organisms and their names. Along the side is where we find their characteristics. Anything that is past each characteristic will have that characteristic as you move up the cladogram. This diagram also shows which organisms are most closely related to one another.
Please see the image for an example. In this example we can see that the Koalas evolved after the trout.
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Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus are all involved in creating genetic material.
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B)
Explanation:
The Greenhouse effect occurs when heat from pollution is trapped in Earth's atmosphere.
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Mutations are errors in codons caused by changes in nucleotide bases. Some mutations may not have much effect. For example, if the codon GAA becomes the codon GAG, because the genetic code is degenerate, the codon will still code for the amino acid glutamate. Such ineffectual mutations are called silent mutations. Some mutations, however, can have a huge affect on coding for amino acids, which can in turn affect what proteins are produced, which can have a profound effect on cellular and organismal function.
