Organisms that are well adapted to live together to in the same area over time.
<span>Cytotoxic t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat intracellular pathogens, whereas helper t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat extracellular pathogens.
</span>Cytotoxic t-cell are CD8+ cells. Cytotoxic t-cell uses granzymes to <span>kill </span><span>intracellular bacteria, that lives in the cytosol such as viruses. They identify the pathogen forgein peptids that are bounded to MHC-I on the cell surface.
</span>
cd4+ T helper (Th) cells include Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. They contribute to aliergic reactions and fighting extracellular parasites.
Answer:
100%
Explanation:
We are given a red flower plant. This means its homozygous dominant (RR). We are given a white flower plant. This means it is homozygous recessive (rr). Each plant will give its allele. The red one will always give R and the white one will always give r. Heterozygous (Rr) plants have pink flowers. So they will all be pink.
Answer:
The main difference is in the presence of a carbon atom; organic compounds will contain a carbon atom (and often a hydrogen atom, to form hydrocarbons), while almost all inorganic compounds do not contain either of those two atoms. Meanwhile, inorganic compounds include the salts, metals, and other elemental compounds.
Explanation:
I would say d. Multi-part protein that reversibly binds to oxygen molecules (...)
