Answer:
Hydrophobic.
Explanation:
The plasma membrane or cell membrane is made of the lipid bilayer and the proteins are embedded in the this layer. Carbohydrates are also exposed to the cell surface in association with proteins and lipids.
The interior of the cell membrane is hydrophobic due to the arrangement of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic part of the lipid membrane are associated with each other that makes the interior of the cell membrane hydrophobic and small molecules easily diffuse through the membrane.
Thus, the correct answer is option (c).
Answer:
The best answer to your question: Which type of neuroglia would play a role in controlling glutamate levels in the chemical environment, would be: Astrocytes.
Explanation:
From among the neuroglia, or support cells in the brain, whose purpose is to aid neurons in their different functions, astrocytes are not just one of the most numerous, but also one of the most vital for neuronal support. Amongst one of their most central functions is to help in the control of neurotransmitter emition and retention in the synaptic cleft, between two communicating neurons, and therefore, helps regulate the responses from post-synaptic, and pre-synaptic neurons. It is also responsible for clearing up the presence of ions in the extracellular space, and producing ATP, which regulates the amount of neurotransmitters that are released, and taken, by pre-synaptic, and post-synaptic neurons.
In ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) the issue with glutamate, a neurotransmitter that excites post-synaptic neurons into releasing excess amounts of calcium, is that this hyper-excitatory response leads neurons, particularly motor neurons, to die, and this is what causes ALS. It has been found through research that astrocytes have to do in this process, but it is not clear yet whether there is a failure in their control system, as ALS is still a condition that is very much under study and still without a cure.
The workers have the great risk to Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are three of the most common bloodborne pathogens.
<h3>What is a Bloodborne Pathogen? </h3>
The infectious microorganism which stay a longer period in blood and cause disease in humans are called bloodborne pathogens.
These pathogens are hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The sources of infection include Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries leads bloodborne pathogens
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) viruses causes infections and liver damage.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) virus causes HIV/AIDS.
For more details regarding blood borne pathogen, here
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