The words that are missing in the sentence are The Second Great Awakening and moral renewal. The so-called Second Great Awakening is referring to revival of religious during the early nineteenth century, where the preachers are advocating or sharing the message of spiritual and moral renewal to people.
"Planting trees throughout Sahel" is the one action among the following actions given in the question that would be the most effective long-term solution to fighting desertification in the Sahel.
In the late 1800s, workers organized unions to solve their problems. Their problems were low wages and unsafe working conditions. First, workers formed local unions in single factories. These unions used strikes to try to force employers to increase wages or make working conditions safer.
¨Our American Cousin¨ The play was written by Tom Taylor, an Englishman, and premiered in New York City in 1858—an instant smash. “The houses are crowded to over-flowing,” the New York Times [reported several weeks]