To escape the tyrannical atmosphere and factionalism, Clement decided to move the Pope's capital to Avignon in 1309. However, the strong influence of France undermined Papacy prestige, and in 1377 Gregory XI returned to Rome.
Avignon Papacy (1309-1378) was the time when the Pope's residence was moved from Rome to Avignon and was the property of the Pope's vassals. Fearing the rebellious Cardinal of Rome, Pope Clement V sought the protection of Avignon's French monarchy. This forced him to support the political persecution of the Knights Templar Philip IV.
Contrary to the wishes of France and some of his Cardinals, Pope Gregory XI returned the papacy to Rome in 1377. Returning to Rome was the most important act in the history of the papacy. The Cardinal elected a new Pope in Avignon. He became the first of a series of antipopes and led the division of the West.
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