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3 years ago

The process of genetic engineering may include either four or five steps. The diagram represents the five-step process.

Biology

2 answers:

Firlakuza [10]3 years ago

6 0

The Answer Is A.

I hope that helps.

taurus [48]3 years ago

4 0

Ans. Option (a).

Genetic engineering involves intentional modification of the characteristics of a target organism by the manipulation of its DNA or genetic material.

It includes five steps: isolation of target gene; formation of recombinant DNA molecule by joining target gene and vector molecule; insertion of recombinant DNA (vector and target DNA) to host cell; production of many copies of recombinant DNA molecule in host cell; separation and purification of target gene product from host body.

Hence, according to given diagram, step 2 describes cutting of target DNA and vector molecule to get desired fragments, which are then ligated with the ligase enzyme to make a recombinant DNA.

Thus, the correct answer is option (a).

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What was the Cretaceous tertiary extinction attributed to what major events that triggered the extinction of dinosaurs

vfiekz [6]

Cretaceous extinction also known as Paleogene extinction was a period of time when suddenly around three quarter of the animal and plant species began to get extinct from the land. The event happened around 66 million years ago and is considered as the end of cretaceous era that lead to the beginning of Mesozoic era.

Reasons for the mass extinction:

Scientists think that a major asteroid or comet hit the surface of earth which deteriorated the earth’s environment, especially by making it difficult for plants to perform the process of photosysnthesis. This is called as Impact hypothesis and scientists think that it was the reason of extinction of so many species because they found debris of asteroid in the land.
There could also be some other reasons like climate changes,volcanic eruptions and changes in the sea level which made the environment unfavorable for the survival of living organisms.
One of the best known organism that is thought to extinct in cretaceous period was dinosaur.

Extinction of Dinosaurs:

As stated above the exact cause of dinosaur extinction can not be stated with confidence. This is because cretaceous period was the time when so many unfavorable circumstances took place like diseases, geologic events ,climate change etc.

However, the most believed theory is that some Asteroid hit the surface of earth and turned the climate very very old. Therefore, those amazing creatures were not able to survive that climate.

Hope it help!

7 0

3 years ago

Classify and explain why each of the following is either a mixture or a compound: air, CO, and pure water.

ikadub [295]

<span>air = a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and some other bits
(pure) CO = carbon monoxide, a compound
pure water = H2O, a compound.</span>

3 0

3 years ago

1. A couple of mice with brown fur and black eyes had litter with the following distribution of traits: 9 with brown fur and bla

Ierofanga [76]

Answer:

The genotype of the couple of mice is heterozygous.

Explanation:

First, we going to classify each trait as dominant or recessive allele:

Brown fur: It’s a dominant allele because 12 of 16 mice have brown fur, therefore 75% of the litter have this trait.

Black eyes: It’s a dominant allele because 12 of 16 mice have black eyes, therefore 75% of the litter have this attribute.

Grey fur: It’s a recessive allele because only 4 of 16 mice have this trait, so 25% of the litter have grey fur.

Red eyes: It’s a recessive allele because 4 of 16 mice have red eyes, so 25% of the litter show this trait.

Second, we going to name each phenotype with a letter and use a capital letter for dominant allele or a small letter for recessive allele.

For the color of the fur, let’s use letter “F”:

F: Brown fur

f: Grey fur

For the color of the eyes, let’s use letter “E”:

E: Black eyes

e: Red eyes

The genotype of each phenotype is conformed by two letters that indicates, the recessive allele is showed in the phenotype only when both letters in the genotype are small letter.

For example, for fur, there are three combinations:

FF: Brown fur (two dominant alleles)

Ff: Brown fur (A dominant allele and a recessive allele)

ff: Grey fur (Two recessive alleles)

For eyes, there are also three combinations:

EE: Black eyes (two dominant alleles) (

Ee: Black eyes (A dominant allele and a recessive allele)

ee: Red eyes (Two recessive alleles)

When both allele of the genotype are dominant or recessive, it is heterozygous, if there are a dominant allele and a recessive one, it is a homozygous.

Since there are 7 mice that show recessive phenotype, that means the genotype of the couple of mice are heterozygous. Although, both mice show a dominant phenotype, the genotype have a dominant allele and a recessive allele.

The genotype for the couple of mice is:

FfEe x FfEe

So, when we apply the Mendel's third law, we got the results showed in the chart.