An antigen (Ag), which is a molecule, molecular structure, foreign particle, or pollen grain is responsible to activates immune responses in the body. On the other hand, When the immune system of the body recognizes antigens, it produces a protein called an antibody.
A method used in immunology for detecting, identifying, and quantifying antibodies and antigens such as immunoglobulins and extractable nuclear antigens is oucherlony double immunodiffusion, also known as passive double immunodiffusion.In this technique, geometrical precipitation line patterns appear in the agarose to clarify the levels of antigen homology are examined. Agarose gel is a matrix used to run the antigen and antibodies.
Usually, this method takes time from a few hours to days. And antigen and antibodies used in this above mentioned technique are very expensive and if not stored properly, can get degenerated.
To avoid this situation and heavy losses, inorganic ionic salt solutions are used are used to mimic antigen and antibodies. These salt solutions are inexpensive and stable at room temperature.
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