Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa
the sun is radiant energy
top right is Co2 + h2o
that is all ik
The body's first line of defense is actually the non-specific immune system which is also called innate immunity.
Innate immunity employs both physical and chemical barriers that form the first line of defense. These include:
1. The intact skin. The skin is made up of keratin in its outermost layer. Keratin makes skin tough and resistant and pathogens usually cannot penetrate unless the skin is broken.
2. The mucus membrane. This is a thin membrane that forms a protective lining inside many organs and other parts of the body such as the trachea. Mucus produced by the membrane traps bacteria and other harmful particle which are then expelled from the body.
3. Tears. Tears from our eyes contain lysozyme, a chemical that kills bacteria.
If the pathogen gets through or evades these types of defenses, then it is dealt with by the second line of defense which is called specific immunity or acquired immunity. It is here that white blood cells namely the B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes attack, kill or neutralize pathogens.
Answer:
Codominant- traits don’t have a clear dominant or recessive
Incomplete dominance- the heterozygous condition shows a “blending” or a “middle” condition
Explanation:
In codominance, the traits are expressed equally in the phenotype thus they don't have a clear dominant or recessive state. For example the ABO blood group alleles. The alleles A and B are codominant each being expressed equally.
In incomplete dominance the traits show intermediate expression where one allele expresses itself more strongly than the other. An example in man is seen in the inheritance of the disease sickle cell anaemia. Heterozygote who carry the sickle cell gene are said to have sickle cell trait and as such the carrier allele (HBa) has a stronger influence on the phenotype than the dominant alle (HBs).
