The current term for serious mental disorders characterized by a loss of contact with external reality and extreme disruption of thought processes is psychosis.
What is psychosis?
The mental illness known as psychosis alters how your brain functions. It makes you disengage from reality. You might experience unreal sights, sounds, or ideas. Psychosis is not a disease; it is a symptom. A mental disease, a physical injury or illness, substance misuse, or extremely stressful or traumatic events can all cause it.
Psychosis is a symptom of psychotic diseases like schizophrenia and typically appears for the first time in late adolescence or early adulthood.
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Answer:
Variable-ratio schedule
Explanation:
Variable-ratio schedule: In psychology, the term "variable-ratio schedule" is determined as one of the distinct schedules of reinforcements which is a part of the "operant conditioning theory". It tends to occur when a specific response is being reinforced after an unforeseeable number of certain responses.
A Variable-ratio schedule tends to create a high responding rate. Lottery games are one of the best examples of the given schedule.
In the question above, the given statement represents "variable-ratio schedule".
Answer:
Constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.
Explanation:
This ruling came in 1972 when David Ruiz who was an inmate, sued William Estelle who was the Texas Department of Corrections (TDC) director over poor living and working conditions of the area. His class action suit, the ever longest running lawsuit by a prisoner in United States history, established that the management of TDC prisons constituted cruel and unusual punishments which is proscribed by the 8th amendment to the constitution of the U.S.
He rightly established that the placement of two or more inmates in a facility meant for one inmate is overcrowding. After 129 days, the District court in Texas ruled in plaintiffs’ favour and that led to an agreement for the state to reduce the population of inmates to 95% of the capacity of the prison, together with the separation of hardcore offenders from other inmates.
Answer:
A butterfly undergoes a process called complete metamorphosis during its life cycle. This means that the butterfly changes completely from its early larval stage, when it is a caterpillar, until the final stage, when it becomes a beautiful and graceful adult butterfly.
