1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Pachacha [2.7K]
2 years ago
9

Explain how super-antigens, such as toxic shock syndrome toxin produced by staphylococcus aureus, often lead to the development

of life-threatening symptoms in an infected individual.
Biology
1 answer:
GaryK [48]2 years ago
7 0

Toxic shock syndrome toxin is a super-antigen produced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria .it causes toxic shock syndrome by stimulating the release of large amount of interleukin-1, interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor .

Interleukin-1:

It is a group of 11 cytokines that plays a central role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses to infections .

Interleukin-2:

It is a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system .interleukin-2 is apart of the body's natural response to microbial infection and in discriminating self and non self foreign.

tumor necrosis factor :

Tumor necrosis factor is protein superfamily  of type 2 transmembrane protein  containing  tnf homology domain and trimers .these proteins are expressed predominantly by immune cells and they regulate diverse cell functions ,including immune response and inflammation ,but also proliferation, differentiation and embryogenesis.

Staphylococcus aureus:

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive pathogen cable of producing a variety of bacterial exotoxin known as super antigens .

Toxic shock syndrome :

Toxic shock syndrome is an acute disease mediated by the production of super-antigenic toxin .it is rare , life threatening complication of certain type of bacterial  infections. often it results from toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus bacteria but the condition may also be caused by toxins produced by group a streptococcus bacteria.

Toxic shock syndrome can affect anyone ,including men , older woman, children and postmenopausal women.risk factors of toxic shock syndrome includes skin wounds ,surgery ,and use of tampons and devices such as menstrual cups contraceptive devices ,etc.

Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome toxin:

A sudden high fever,low blood pressure ,vomiting or diarrhea ,rash resembling sunburn ,muscle aches ,redness of eyes ,mouth and throat ,headache and seizures.

Conclusion:

If you have these symptoms of toxic shock syndrome then immediately call your doctor or consult a doctor and take precautions.

Learn more about toxic shock syndrome toxin here:

brainly.com/question/3866751

#SPJ4

You might be interested in
If earth tides decreased what would be the most likely explanation?
WINSTONCH [101]
<span>If the earth tides are decreased, the explanation would likely be: the gravitational attraction decreases as the earth moved farther from the sun, thus, affecting the tide. On the other hand, if the gravitational pull increases, it would mean that the earth tide would also increase. Remember, the two major factors that influences earth tides are: gravitational pull of the moon and of course, the sun.</span>
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of the following changes is most likely to happen if the process
Jobisdone [24]

Answer:

<em>C. Increased loss of soil nutrients</em>

Explanation:

7 0
3 years ago
in a certain fish, blue scales (BB) and red scales (bb) are codominant. when a fish has the hybrid genotype, it has patchwork of
Lena [83]

Answer:

BB is blue

bb is red

Bb is patchwork

Explanation:

It can't really be codominant since lowercase letters are recessive, and condomance needs 2 dominant alleles of a different types. So really it should be BB for blue, RR for red and BR for patchwork...

6 0
3 years ago
an igneous rock forms quickly. which characteristics could the rock have? small sand grains. Large mineral crystals. smooth, sha
Shalnov [3]

Igneous rocks are formed by hot melted magma coming from the Earth's core that crystalizes when gets in contact with air. They can be either intrusive or extrusive. B) <em>Large mineral crystals.</em>

<h3>What is the igneous rock?</h3>

These rocks come straight from the interior of the Earth.

A liquid mass of silicate composition comes from the Earth's core. This melted mass comes at an extremely high temperature.

Magma begins to cool and solidify during its ascent to the Earth's surface. It solidifies and crystallizes into igneous rock following the magnetic field orientation.

Thre are two types of igneous rocks

• plutonic rocks ⇒ in areas close to the terrestrial crust ⇒ intrusive

• volcanic rocks ⇒ on the surface ⇒ extrusive

According to this description, the correct option is B. <em>Large mineral </em><em>crystals</em><em>.</em>

You can learn more about Igneous rocks at

brainly.com/question/23555197

#SPJ1

8 0
2 years ago
IN WHICH BIOME IS KNYSNA LOURIE,A BIRD,FOUND NATURALLY?
Eva8 [605]
Knysna Lourie is naturally found in mature evergreen forests of southern and eastern South Africa, and Swaziland. Although it can vary, and answer of a possible biome can be the Savannahs found in south Africa.
3 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Which of the following describes how biological chemicals provide evidence to support that life changes over time?
    8·2 answers
  • What dose the north pole of a compass points toward
    5·1 answer
  • As energy flows through ecosystems, atoms and molecules cycle among what?
    15·1 answer
  • Why does the velocity of blood slow greatly as blood flows from arterioles into capillaries?
    14·1 answer
  • References Chapter 1: Problems Studies of existing cells to determine the minimum number of genes for a living cell have suggest
    13·1 answer
  • A ball is dropped from rest from a high window of a tall building and falls for 4 seconds. Neglecting air resistance, the final
    9·1 answer
  • Does anyone know the answer to this?!? that can help me asap
    9·1 answer
  • Relate Cause and Effect Suppose all the alleles on the left and right
    11·1 answer
  • How do organ systems work together to deliver nutrients from food throughout the body?
    12·1 answer
  • What is a chromosome made of
    7·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!