Answer: Geologic Eplift and Erosion
Explanation: This happens due to geologic uplift and the erosion of the rock and soil above them. At the surface, metamorphic rocks will be exposed to weathering processes and may break down into sediment. These sediments could then be compressed to form sedimentary rocks, which would start the entire cycle again.
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Answer:
e. All of the above are considered species under at least one species concept.
Explanation:
All of the abovementioned conditions satisfy at least one condition of species definition. Further arguments are given below to support each statement,
a. A species is the <u>monophyletic group</u> of individuals who has a <u>common ancestor</u> which could be <u>distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relative</u> based on <u>conserved genes</u> (16S in bacteria and 18S in eukaryotes). In the statement above, beetles satisfy this condition.
b. A species is the group of individuals that are capable of <u>exchanging genes or can interbreed</u>. In the above statement, birds who are interbreeding with each other must be a single species.
c. A metapopulation is generically defined as the group of populations who are <u>separated by space</u> but are the <u>same species according to phylogenetic analysis</u>. Thus, the metapopulation of salamanders who are linked by gene flow (gene migration) should be treated as one species.
d. The word "<u>lineage</u>" already conveys the message that these bacteria belong share <u>sample place in the phylogenetic tree</u> and they are capable to adapt the same environmental niche. Therefore, they should be considered as one species. This can be easily tested via 16S rRNA sequencing.
If the a decomposer were absent from the forest, everything would just pile up onto one another and never be returned to the Earth.
D. descriptive investigations
Explanation:
A scientist studying the star Alpha Centauri would probably rely on descriptive investigation to gather data.
In descriptive investigation, experiments cannot be performed since the subjects cannot easily be manipulated or they are far too inaccessible. This form of investigation is based on indirect qualitative investigation of a phenomenon.
- Alpha Centauri is a distant star several light years away from the vicinity of the scientist.
- The best way to investigate this distance body is to make inferences from the evidence gathered from observatory stations using telescopes.
- Astronomers can collect different information and give vivid description of the distant start.
- It is highly impossible to make comparisons and alter variable in this kind of investigation.
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Answer:
The characteristics of a good/safe experiment are:
- Equipment is used according to its purpose
- Workers are wearing protective clothing and goggles
- All directions are followed for a successful experiment
- There is proper ventilation
- Toxins are used responsibly
- Sharp tools and fires are handled or supervised by an adult
- All information from the experiment is recorded
- Photographs are taken if necessary
- Experiment is repeated for valid results
- Different people try the experiment to compare results
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