The optimal foraging theory predicts that natural selection will favor a foraging method that maximizes the benefits and minimizes the costs. The risks of obtaining food are included in the costs; nutrition is the benefit.)
What is meant by foraging behavior?
Every way an organism obtains and makes use of sources of energy and nutrients is considered to be a part of its foraging behavior. This covers where resources are used and stored, as well as where they are retrieved and stored in relation to the whole community.
Why is optimal foraging important?
The energy required to forage for food has a cost because it takes energy to obtain it, but it is necessary to maintain physiological functioning. According to the optimal foraging theory, the behavior should be guided by the maximization of net energy gain at the lowest possible energy cost, which would enhance fitness.
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