the counter reformation was the period of catholic revival beginning with the council of Trent and ending the the close of the thirty years war and was initiated in response of the protestant reformation.
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He proposed the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850, which was to send back runaway slaves from which who escaped from the southern states to the north. As this was a add onto the older laws this law punished officials who did not capture runaway slaves and bring them back to the southern states. In 1855 was found unconstitutional and was Nullified
That would be a direct democracy. All adult male citizens attending the assembly could vote on the issues proposed at the time.
It helps them determine whether an assertion made by one source is likely to be true.