Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer: a triple bond and a single bond
Explanation:
Answer:
The change in color in the flowers is because the plant has absorbed the dyed water. After some hours, we can see that the water has ascended through the roots, the stem and reached the flower petals. We can see the water's path till it evaporates in a process called transpiration, which returns water to the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Plants absorb water and other nutrients so that they can live. When we add ink into the water, we can see the water's path from the roots, up the stem, the leaves, and the flowers. In the flowers, the water evaporates through the stomata. We call this process transpiration. The ink allows us to see that the water was in the petals, but it evaporates, leaving behind the ink. As water evaporates, the plant drinks more, which results in a more intense color in the petals.
Answer:
ATCGCGGGAA
Explanation:
The way I learned this was with the word "GCAT". G pairs with C and vise-versa and A pairs with T and vise-versa. This is how you know what the opposite chain of DNA will look like.
Lets say the plant that formed nodules is Species A, and the one who didn't is Species B.
If the nitrogen is concentrated in one area but at a low concentration, then Species A may have formed nodules because it is closer to the concentrated nitrogen. Species B didn't because the nitrogen that is active is being taken by Species A.
