Answer:b. Examining conditions that are alike, natural selection is key when there arevery similar adaptations
c. there are not less than two different genes involved that created the dark mouse fur
d. two independent mutations in two separate genes can result in the same phenotype
e. the dark fur color evolved independently on each lava flow
Explanation:
Answer: Option A
The primary function of DNA polymerase is to add nucleotides to the growing daughter strands.
Explanation:
DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesis DNA and its main function is to make DNA from nucleotides which is the building block of DNA. It is essential for DNA replication and work in pairs by creating identical DNA strands from the original DNA molecule. DNA copies are created by pairing the nucleotides to each bases present in the DNA molecule.The bases are thymine, cytostine,guanine, and adenine, the pairing occur with any of the above combinations forming two pairs respectively.
Answer AND Explanation:
Gnetophytes are gymnosperms
, they are woody and the embryo has two cotyledons
. Cycads are woody plants that produce seeds found in Subtropical and warm temperate regions and also they produce motile sperm cells.
Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
Animal dander would be the answer you're looking for.
Hope this helps :)
